In addition, money throughout history has borne the name or image of Libertas. According to the National Park Service, the Statue's Roman robe is the main feature that invokes Libertas and the symbol of Liberty from which the statue derives its name. Libertas, along with other Roman goddesses, has served as the inspiration for many modern-day personifications, including the Statue of Liberty on Liberty Island in the United States. This is the image which later influenced French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi in the creation of his statue of Liberty Enlightening the World. The goddess Libertas is also depicted on the Great Seal of France, created in 1848. The Statue of Liberty ( Liberty Enlightening the World) in New York derives from the ancient goddess Libertas. In 46 BC, the Roman Senate voted to build and dedicate a shrine to Libertas in recognition of Julius Caesar, but no temple was built instead, a small statue of the goddess stood in the Roman Forum. Upon his return, Cicero successfully argued that the consecration was invalid and thus managed to reclaim the land and destroy the temple. By building and consecrating the temple on the site of the former house of then-exiled Cicero, Clodius ensured that the land was legally uninhabitable. A subsequent temple was built (58–57 BC) on Palatine Hill, another of the Seven hills of Rome, by Publius Clodius Pulcher. Census tables were stored inside the temple's atrium. In 238 BC, before the Second Punic War, Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus built a temple to Libertas on the Aventine Hill. She was worshiped by the Junii, the family of Marcus Junius Brutus. ![]() The Roman Republic was established simultaneously with the creation of Libertas and is associated with the overthrow of the Tarquin kings. ![]() The magistratus then declared him to be free Temples ![]() II.3.48), whence the general name of the act of manumission. V.78) and let him go (emisit e manu, or misit manu, Plaut. The master in the meantime held the slave, and after he had pronounced the words "hunc hominem liberum volo," he turned him round (momento turbinis exit Marcus Dama, Persius, Sat. "The lictor of the magistratus laid a rod ( festuca) on the head of the slave, accompanied with certain formal words, in which he declared that he was a free man ex Jure Quiritium", that is, "vindicavit in libertatem". The master brought his slave before the magistratus, and stated the grounds ( causa) of the intended manumission. Libertas was also recognized in ancient Rome by the rod ( vindicta or festuca), used ceremonially in the act of Manumissio vindicta, Latin for 'freedom by the rod' (emphasis added): "The figure of Liberty on some of the coins of Antoninus Pius, struck A.D. Hence the phrase servos ad pileum vocare is a summons to liberty, by which slaves were frequently called upon to take up arms with a promise of liberty ( Liv. When a slave obtained his freedom he had his head shaved, and wore instead of his hair an undyed pileus (πίλεον λευκόν, Diodorus Siculus Exc. Libertas was associated with the pileus, commonly worn by the freed slave: Īmong the Romans the cap of felt was the emblem of liberty. The name Lībertās ('freedom') is a derivation from Latin Līber ('free'), stemming from Proto-Italic *leuþero, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁leudʰero ('belonging to the people', hence 'free'). ![]() There are many post-classical depictions of liberty as a person which often retain some of the iconography of the Roman goddess. The Greek equivalent of the goddess Libertas is Eleutheria, the personification of liberty. She is usually portrayed with two accoutrements: the rod and the soft pileus, which she holds out, rather than wears. Nonetheless, she sometimes appears on coins from the imperial period, such as Galba's "Freedom of the People" coins during his short reign after the death of Nero. She became a politicised figure in the Late Republic, featured on coins supporting the populares faction, and later those of the assassins of Julius Caesar. Libertas ( Latin for 'liberty' or 'freedom', pronounced ) is the Roman goddess and personification of liberty. Denarius (42 BC) issued by Cassius Longinus and Lentulus Spinther, depicting the crowned head of Libertas, with a sacrificial jug and lituus on the reverse
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